John A. Nelson papers

John A. Nelson was administrative officer and later assistant project director of Heart from July 1942 to June 1943. His papers include typed transcriptions plus a few handwritten pages of the diary he kept while at Heart Mountain, several speeches about the War Relocation Authority and Japanese American internment, internee records, a chronology of evacuation and relocation, records from the War Relocation Authority, and pamphlets related to Japanese Americans and their internment.

To review this collection's contents, see the "Inventory for collection."

Speech by Jos. H. Smart, October 8, 1942

These remarks, delivered at an educational conference at Heart Mountain, are titled "Democracy In Relocation Centers". The conference attendees were teachers and staff at Heart Mountain. Smart attempted to address the challenges of maintaining democratic values in an internment camp when the internees were held involuntarily.

Resource Identifier
SmartSpeech
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

Speech by Lieutenant Roger W. Smith, October 22, 1945

Smith's speech, delivered after World War 11 has ended, emphasizes the valor and accomplishments of Japanese American soldiers. He particularly cites the success of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, which had an exceptional combat record, despite facing significant prejudice and challenges. He highlights the admiration they earned from fellow soldiers, and their critical contributions to the Allied victory.

Resource Identifier
SmithSpeech
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

Speech by Dillon S. Myer, June 19, 1945

In these remarks, titled "Problems Of Evacuee Resettlement in California", Meyer addresses the challenges of resettling Japanese Americans after World War II, emphasizing the need to counter prejudice and provide fair opportunities for integration. He highlights the persistence of harmful myths and discriminatory practices that hinder resettlement, while underscoring the loyalty and contributions of Japanese Americans, particularly soldiers, to the nation.

Resource Identifier
MyerSpeech
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

Speech by D.S. Myer, January 21, 1944

In these remarks, titled "The Facts About The War Relocation Authority", Meyer addresses the implementation and goals of the Japanese-American relocation during World War II.  He emphasizes the importance of balancing security with democratic values, advocates against racial discrimination, and highlights the contributions of Japanese-Americans to the U.S.

Resource Identifier
MyerSpeech2
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

"The Truth About Relocation"

This document discusses the internment of Japanese and Japanese Americans during World War II, emphasizing the challenges and controversies surrounding the War Relocation Authority's management of the program. It highlights the difficulties internees faced, including loss of property, hostile public sentiment, and inadequate relocation facilities, while refuting misconceptions about the centers and stressing the evacuees' contributions, such as in agriculture and military service. 

Resource Identifier
TruthAboutRelocation
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

"A Chronology Of Evacuation and Relocation"

This document highlights a time line of events following the attack on Pearl Harbor, which launched the U.S. into World War II. It gives insight into the governmental actions taken before and during the evacuation and relocation of people of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast in 1942.

Resource Identifier
Chronology
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

"Tentative Plan Introductory", August 7, 1942

This document, prepared by the Heart Mountain War Relocation Authority staff, gives insight into the planning for the arrival of people of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast.

Resource Identifier
HeartMountainPlan
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

"Guide for Meal Planning"

This guide was distributed by the War Relocation Authority to Heart Mountain. It provides insight into what went on in the kitchens and mess halls at Heart Mountain

Resource Identifier
MealPlanning
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

"The Daily Menu"

This ten day menu gives a glimpse into what meals were like at Heart Mountain.

Resource Identifier
Menu
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

"They Work for Victory - The Story of Japanese Americans and the War Effort", 1945

This magazine, published by the Japanese American Citizens League, highlights the efforts of Japanese Americans in the armed forces, war related production, agriculture and government service. It was distributed in an effort to counter prejudices and xenophobia faced by Japanese Americans during World War II.

Resource Identifier
WorkForVictory
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

"O California, Dear California" by Samuel Nagata

This booklet, written by internee Samuel Nagata, highlights the struggles faced by interned Japanese Americans due to racial prejudice, citizenship denial, and economic discrimination. It also discusses their resilience, loyalty, and contributions to the war effort, particularly by Nisei soldiers. Nagata advocates for a just and equitable post-war reintegration of Japanese Americans into society, emphasizing their potential contributions to a peaceful, cooperative future.

Resource Identifier
NagataBooklet
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

"The Displaced Japanese-Americans"

This booklet, distributed by the American Council On Public Affairs, contains an article originally published in Fortune magazine in 1944. It details the social, political, and economic factors leading to the internment of Japanese Americans, including long-standing racism and wartime hysteria, and describes the harsh living conditions in relocation centers.

Resource Identifier
Displaced
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

"A Voice That Must Be Heard"

This booklet contains extracts from statements made by public figures, including President Franklin D. Roosevelt, regarding Japanese Americans in 1942 and 1943. It highlights the loyalty of Japanese Americans, including their contributions to the war effort, despite their forced relocation to internment camps. Officials like Roosevelt and others advocate for their reintegration into American society, emphasizing democratic values over racial discrimination.

Resource Identifier
Voice
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview

Poems by Japanese American Internees at Heart Mountain

These two poems, written by unnamed incarcerees at Heart Mountain, reflect their frustration at the injustice of being incarcerated.

Resource Identifier
Poems
Citation
John A. Nelson papers, Collection No. 5325, Box 1, American Heritage Center, University of Wyoming
Preview